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*metazoonosis = requires both of vertebrates and invertebrates
**all arboviral pathogens, some bateria (plague, rickettsia), some parasite (leischmania)
==bacteria==
===''Bacillus anthrasis''===
*anthrax
*G(-) rod, aerobic
*spore-forming, capsule-forming
*primarily infects herbivore (cattle, sheep, goat)
*no direct human to human transmission
*there is vaccine for animal
*endemic in many countries
*gastrointestinal anthrax
**ingestion of contaminated meat
**incubation hours to 7 days
**fever, hematemesis, bloody diarrhea
**mortality when untreated 25-60%
**penicillins
*cutaneous anthrax
**common in human; 95% of human anthrax
**inoculation of spores under skin
**incubation hours to 7 days
**small itchy raised blister
**produces ulcer and eschar
**mortality when untreated 20%
*inhalational anthrax
**inhalation of spores
**most likely due to bioterror
**incubation 1-6 days up to 43 days
**mortality 100% despite immediate Tx
