「Meningococcus」の版間の差分
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| 8行目: | 8行目: | ||
*common pathogenic serogroup A, B, C, W, X, Y | *common pathogenic serogroup A, B, C, W, X, Y | ||
*seasonal epidemics by group A, C | *seasonal epidemics by group A, C | ||
| + | **meningitis belt | ||
*sporadic cases by e.g. group B | *sporadic cases by e.g. group B | ||
| + | **Latin America | ||
| + | **Norway | ||
| + | **New Zealand | ||
| + | *immunity generated by polysaccharide capsule except B | ||
| + | **may be the reason that herd immunity development relatively slow and sporadic outbreaks continue in above countries | ||
==epidemiology== | ==epidemiology== | ||
*highest < 2 y/o and adolescent | *highest < 2 y/o and adolescent | ||
| + | *annual outbreak during dry season in meningitis belt | ||
| + | **dry winds make people's nose drier resulting in easy | ||
| − | why natural carriage differs between countries | + | why natural carriage differs between countries? |
| + | why ANZAC are the highest in the world outside meningitis belt | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==transmission== | ||
| + | *aerosol | ||
| + | *fomite | ||
| + | *adolescent activity | ||
==clinical picture== | ==clinical picture== | ||
2021年6月1日 (火) 10:56時点における版
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pathogen
- Neisseria meningitidis
- gram negative diplococci
- carriage in nasopharynx
- 12 identified capsular serogroups
- common pathogenic serogroup A, B, C, W, X, Y
- seasonal epidemics by group A, C
- meningitis belt
- sporadic cases by e.g. group B
- Latin America
- Norway
- New Zealand
- immunity generated by polysaccharide capsule except B
- may be the reason that herd immunity development relatively slow and sporadic outbreaks continue in above countries
epidemiology
- highest < 2 y/o and adolescent
- annual outbreak during dry season in meningitis belt
- dry winds make people's nose drier resulting in easy
why natural carriage differs between countries? why ANZAC are the highest in the world outside meningitis belt
transmission
- aerosol
- fomite
- adolescent activity
clinical picture
- fever
- distinctive petechiae anywhere in whole body
- no fading by pressure with glass tumbler - "tumbler test"
- resulting in purple bruising of skin
- photophobia
- headache, neck stiffness, vomiting
- irritability and/or confusion
