2,994
回編集
差分
ナビゲーションに移動
検索に移動
→pathogen
==pathogen==
*small gram positive bacilli
*''Corynebacterium diphtheriae''
**droplet infection - human to human**congestion/over crowding overcrowding is a risk factor**incubation 2-5 days (1-10 days)
*''Corynebacterium ulcerans''
**cattle
**dogs and cats
**especially in UK
*''Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis''
**very rarely
==epidemiology==
*mostly in younger children *mortality among hospitalized patients in San Lazaro Hospital in the Philippines**43.8%===outbreaks===*former Soviet Union in 1990s after collapse of the Union*refugee/emergency settings**Yemen**Rohingya in Myanmar**Venezuela**Haiti
==clinical picture==
**1-6 weeks after onset
**ST segment abnormalities in EKG
**tachycardia or bradycardia
*Demyelinating peripheral neuritis
**10 days - 3 months after onset
==treatment==
*Diphtheria antitoxin(DAT)
**hose serum
**beware of anaphylaxis
**worldwide shortage is problem
*antibiotics
**macrolides
**14 days
*immunization after treatment
**infection does not guarantee immunity
==control==
*investigation of close contact to diagnosed patients
**immunization
**throat culture and treat positive (=asymptomatic carrier) with erythromycin for 7 days
