「Zoonosis」の版間の差分

2021年4月19日 (月) 09:32時点における版

disease of vertebral animals that can be transmitted to human, either directly or indirectly through an insect vector
- dengue is not zoonosis
73% of human-affecting 1,415 pathogens are zoonotic

exclusions
- fish and reptile toxins
- allergies to vertebrates
- animal-derived food-borne
  - eg. hep A

orthozoonosis = perpetuated in nature by a single vertebrate species
- rabies (skunk in natural host), brucellosis, anthrax
cyclozoonosis = requires more than one vertebrate species
- cestoda (tapeworm)
metazoonosis = requires both of vertebrates and invertebrates
- all arboviral pathogens, some bateria (plague, rickettsia), some parasite (leischmania)

Flaviviridae
incubation 2-12 days
Aedes
natural host unknown
- rodents? non-human primates?
- first identification was from rhesus macaque

gastrointestinal anthrax
- ingestion of contaminated meat
- incubation hours to 7 days
- fever, hematemesis, bloody diarrhea
- mortality when untreated 25-60%
- penicillins
cutaneous anthrax
- common in human; 95% of human anthrax
- inoculation of spores under skin
- incubation hours to 7 days
- small itchy raised blister
- produces ulcer and eschar
- mortality when untreated 20%
inhalational anthrax
- inhalation of spores
- most likely due to bioterror
- incubation 1-6 days up to 43 days
- mortality 100% despite immediate Tx

@@ 24行目: / 24行目: @@
 *metazoonosis = requires both of vertebrates and invertebrates
 **all arboviral pathogens, some bateria (plague, rickettsia), some parasite (leischmania)
+==virus==
+===Ebola and Marburg virus===
+*''Filoviridae''
+===Lassa virus===
+*endemic in western Africa
+*mortality 1-2%
+*100,000-300,000 cases/year
+*5,000 deaths/year
+===Zika virus===
+*''Flaviviridae''
+*incubation 2-12 days
+*''Aedes''
+*natural host unknown
+**rodents? non-human primates?
+**first identification was from rhesus macaque
+===MERS-CoV===
+===SFTS virus===
+*''Bunyaviridae''
+*first identified in China in 2011
+*natural host unknown
+*tick-borne
 ==bacteria==