「Polio」の版間の差分

2021年4月21日 (水) 12:07時点における版

family Picornaviridae, genus Enterovirus
- Human enterovirus A, B, C, D
  - PV belongs to HEV-C
  - EV71 belongs to HEV-A
  - EV68 (EV-D68) belongs to HEV-D
non-enveloped single stranded positive sense RNA virus
- 4 capsid proteins
3 serotypes
- wPV2 already eradicated in 2015
- wPV3 was declared to be eradicated in 17 October 2019 by WHO
- wPV1 is still circulating in Pakistan and Afghanistan
African region was certified as wild polio-free in 2020 by WHO

cVDPV1 and cVDPV2 are endemic in Africa and Southeast Asia as well as in Pakistan and Afghanistan
- in recent 12 months no local transmission in Southeast Asia
cVDPV3 is not identified so far

VDPV is relatively physically stable in environment but cannot keep infectivity not for long time, thus continuous detection of VDPV in enviromnent means continuous transmission and/or excretion of VDPV from people living in the community
distribution of breech (disinfectant) and/or irradication ultraviolet light may be effective against PV/VDPV
threshold of immunization coverage to maintain PV/VDPV free is 85-90%

==Global Polio Eradication

strategies
- extensive immunization with OPV or IPV
- surveillance of acute flaccid paralysis
- lab diagnosis

AFP cases and true poliovirus infection overlap very little
- ⇔Variola cases and true smallpox infection overlapped almost identically

@@ 18行目: / 18行目: @@
 *cVDPV3 is not identified so far
+*VDPV is relatively physically stable in environment but cannot keep infectivity not for long time, thus continuous detection of VDPV in enviromnent means continuous transmission and/or excretion of VDPV from people living in the community
-*duration of activity in environment/sewage - seeding period of years means duration of activity of each virus or continuous producing of VDPV due to OPV
+*distribution of breech (disinfectant) and/or irradication ultraviolet light may be effective against PV/VDPV
-*how to keep activity in environment/sewage - can the virus propagate in some cells in sewage
+*threshold of immunization coverage to maintain PV/VDPV free is 85-90%
-*any intervention directly to sewage where VDPV has been found, like disinfectant
-*where the sabin virus obtains mutation to VDPV
-*threshold of immunization coverage to maintain VDPV free
 ==Global Polio Eradication