「Correlates of Protection」の版間の差分
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**Regulatory T cells | **Regulatory T cells | ||
**etc. | **etc. | ||
| + | *'''Protection against infection''' is generally different from '''protection against disease''' | ||
| + | {|class="wikitable" style="max-width:600px; margin-left:40px" | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | ! !!Protection against infection!!Protection against disease | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | !Polio | ||
| + | |Infection is prevented by ''mucosal'' antibodies at nasopharynx and intestine (IgA + diffused IgG) | ||
| + | |Disease (paralysis) is prevented by ''serum'' antibodies before entering CNS via blood | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | !Pneumococcus | ||
| + | |Infection (bacteremia) is prevented by 0.20-0.35 µg/mL of serum antibodies | ||
| + | |Disease (pneumonia, otitis media, nasopharynx carriage) is prevented by >10 times higher serum antibodies | ||
| + | |} | ||
2022年10月22日 (土) 13:56時点における版
Correlates of Protection
| Correlates of Protection (CoP) | An immune response statistically correlated with protection |
|---|---|
| Mechanistic CoP (mCoP) | An immune response responsible for protection |
| Non-mechanistic CoP (nCoP) | An immune response surrogating mCoP and easily measured |
Identifying method of CoP (mCoP)
- Theoretically
- To measure immune responses at the time of exposure to the infection and compare them between those who get infection and not
- Practically
- To measure immune responses after the vaccination and compare them between those who get infection and not
- usually done in vaccine clinical trial phase 3
- To measure immune responses at the time of challenging exposure of vaccinated volunteers
- would be ethically approved only for milder and/or treatable infections such as seasonal influenza, cholera, dengue or cytomegalovirus
- To extrapolate vaccinated animal challenge model
- To extrapolate protective level of dosing of passive immunization (antibody treatment)
- To measure immune responses after the vaccination and compare them between those who get infection and not
Be careful
- "Immune reseponses" contain various kinds of immunological functions
- Serum antibodies with multiple isotypes and multiple functions
- Mucosal antibodies with multiple isotypes and multiple functions
- Helper T cells
- Killer T cells
- Regulatory T cells
- etc.
- Protection against infection is generally different from protection against disease
| Protection against infection | Protection against disease | |
|---|---|---|
| Polio | Infection is prevented by mucosal antibodies at nasopharynx and intestine (IgA + diffused IgG) | Disease (paralysis) is prevented by serum antibodies before entering CNS via blood |
| Pneumococcus | Infection (bacteremia) is prevented by 0.20-0.35 µg/mL of serum antibodies | Disease (pneumonia, otitis media, nasopharynx carriage) is prevented by >10 times higher serum antibodies |
