「Snake toxicology」の版間の差分
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| 23行目: | 23行目: | ||
**traditional but dangerous and not effective therapies mimic effective | **traditional but dangerous and not effective therapies mimic effective | ||
*neurotoxic | *neurotoxic | ||
| − | *coagulation | + | *coagulation inhibition |
| + | |||
| + | ==treatment== | ||
| + | #reassure | ||
| + | #immobilise whole body, esp. bitten limb | ||
| + | #remove tight rings etc. | ||
| + | #apply pressure pad/bandage on bitten sites | ||
| + | #consider to give anticholinestarase | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===never do=== | ||
| + | *vacuum extractor | ||
| + | *too tight bandage | ||
| + | *incisions | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
==snake bites in Japan== | ==snake bites in Japan== | ||
2021年5月13日 (木) 16:59時点における版
epidemiology
- all continents have venomous snakes
- America 4,000 deaths
- Africa >>20,000 (too under-reported)
- Asia >75,000
- India 58,000
- Japan ≈10 deaths amongst 2-3,000 bites
- Europa <50
- Papua New Guinea >300
- many survivors suffered from serious disability > 60,000 DALYs
species
- Viperidae
- Elapidae
- Lamprophiidae
- "Colubridae"
venom
- enzymes, proteins, polypeptides
- 90% dry weight
- >100 different agents in each venom
- ≈50% of all snake bites by venomous snakes inject no venom - "dry bites"
- traditional but dangerous and not effective therapies mimic effective
- neurotoxic
- coagulation inhibition
treatment
- reassure
- immobilise whole body, esp. bitten limb
- remove tight rings etc.
- apply pressure pad/bandage on bitten sites
- consider to give anticholinestarase
never do
- vacuum extractor
- too tight bandage
- incisions
