Zoonosis

• zoon = animal (Gr.)
• noson = disease (Gr.)

definition

• disease of vertebral animals that can be transmitted to human, either directly or indirectly through an insect vector
  • dengue is not zoonosis
• 73% of human-affecting 1,415 pathogens are zoonotic

• exclusions
  • fish and reptile toxins
  • allergies to vertebrates
  • animal-derived food-borne
    • eg. hep A

• zooanthroponosis = non-human to human
• anthropozoonosis = human to non-human
• amphixenosis = both direction between human and non-human

• orthozoonosis = perpetuated in nature by a single vertebrate species
  • rabies (skunk in natural host), brucellosis, anthrax
• cyclozoonosis = requires more than one vertebrate species
  • cestoda (tapeworm)
• metazoonosis = requires both of vertebrates and invertebrates
  • all arboviral pathogens, some bateria (plague, rickettsia), some parasite (leischmania)