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Matrices of tropical infection (ソースを閲覧)

2023年9月21日 (木) 17:28時点における版

2,229 バイト追加 、 2023年9月21日 (木) 17:28
→‎Treatment options of Lymphatic filariasis, Onchocerciasis and Loiasis
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==Reproduction Routes of protozoatransmission=====Vertical transmission==={|class="wikitable" style="width:1000px"
|-
! style="width:12.5%| !!style="width:12.5%|Virus!!style="width:12.5%|Bacteria and /<br>Rickettsia!!style="width:12.5%|Protozoa!style="width:12.5%|Fungi!style="width:12.5%|Nematode!!style="width:12.5%|Trematode!!style="width:12.5%|Cestode
|-
!asexualplacental
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*[[HIV]]
*[[Viral hepatitis|Hepatitis B]]
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*[[Syphilis]]
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*[[Trypanosomiasis|Chagas]]
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*[[Amoebiasis|Intestinal amoeba]]
*[[Giardiasis|Giardia]]
*[[Trypanosomiasis|Trypanosoma]]
*[[Leishmaniasis|Leishmania]]
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|-
!sexualtransvaginal|*[[HIV]]*[[Viral hepatitis|Hepatitis B]]|*[[Gonorrhea|Neonatal gonococcal conjunctivitis]]||||||-!breastfeeding|*[[HTLV-1]]
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*[[Malaria|Plasmodium]]
*[[Trypanosomiasis|Trypanosoma also has sexual stage]]
*[[Leishmaniasis|Leishmania also has sexual stage]]
*[[Cryptosporidiasis|Cryptosporidium]]
*[[Cyclosporiasis|Cyclospora]]
*[[Isosporiasis|Isospora]]
|
|
|}
==Routes of transmission=====Vertical transmission that mattersSoil and Water==={|class="wikitable" style="width:1000px"
|-
! style="width:12.5%| !!style="width:12.5%|Virus!!style="width:12.5%|Bacteria and /<br>Rickettsia!!style="width:12.5%|Protozoa!style="width:12.5%|Fungi!style="width:12.5%|Nematode!!style="width:12.5%|Trematode!!style="width:12.5%|Cestode
|-
!placentalSoil to skin
|
*[[HIV]]
*[[Viral hepatitis|Hepatitis B]]
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*[[SyphilisMelioidosis]]
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*[[Trypanosomiasis|Chagas]]
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*[[Sporotrichosis]]<br>esp. florists and gardeners
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*[[Ancylostomiasis (hookworm)]] (by larvae)
*[[Strongyloidiasis]] (by larvae)
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|-
!transvaginalSoil to mouth|
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*[[HIV]]
*[[Viral hepatitis|Hepatitis B]]
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*[[Gonorrhea|Neonatal gonococcal conjunctivitis]]
|
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*[[Ascariasis]] (by eggs)
*[[Toxocariasis]] (by eggs)
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|-
!breastfeedingSoil to airway|
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*[[HTLV-1]]
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*[[Coccidioidomycosis]]
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|}
 
===Water===
{|class="wikitable"
|-
! !!Virus!!Bacteria and Rickettsia!!Protozoa!!Nematode!!Trematode!!CestodeAnus to mouth※|||||*[[Enterobiasis (pinworm)]] (by eggs)*[[Trichuriasis (whipworm)]] (by eggs)||
|-
!Direct contact to freshwater
|nil
|
*[[Leptospirosis]]
*[[Amoebiasis|''Acanthamoeba'' spp.]] (cornea)
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*[[Schistosomiasis]]
|
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*[[Schistosomiasis]] (by cercariae)
|-
!Aspiration of freshwater
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*[[Amoebiasis|''Naegleria fowleri'']]
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*[[Amoebiasis|''Naegleria fowleri'']]
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*[[Dracunculiasis (Guinea worm)]]
|}
 
===Soil===
{|class="wikitable"
|-
! !!Virus!!Bacteria and Rickettsia!!Protozoa!!Nematode!!Trematode!!Cestode
|-
!soil
|nil
|
*[[Melioidosis]]
|
|
*[[Strongyloidiasis]]
*[[Ascariasis]]
|
|
|}
※Direct transmission from anus to mouth, though classified as Soil-Transmitted Helminths
===Animalsand Aquatic organism==={|class="wikitable" style="width:1000px"
|-
! style="width:12.5%| !!style="width:12.5%|Virus!!style="width:12.5%|Bacteria and /<br>Rickettsia!!style="width:12.5%|Protozoa!style="width:12.5%|Fungi!style="width:12.5%|Nematode!!style="width:12.5%|Trematode!!style="width:12.5%|Cestode
|-
!RodentRodents
|
*Hantavirus
*[[Viral Hemorrhagic Fever|Lassa]]
*[[Smallpox and Monkeypox|Monkeypox]]
|
*[[Leptospirosis]]
*[[Plague]]
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*[[Bartonellosis]]
*[[Brucellosis]]
*[[Anthrax]]
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*[[Trichinellosis]]
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*[[Taeniasis]]
|-
!Freshwater fish
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*[[Gnathostomiasis]] (by larvae)
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*[[Metagonimiasis]] (by metacercariae)<br>(sweetfish 鮎)
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|-
!Freshwater crab
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*[[Paragonimiasis]] (by metacercariae)
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|-
!Sea fish
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*[[Anisakiasis]] (by larvae)
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*[[Diphyllobothriasis]]
|}
===Flies===
{|class="wikitable" style="width:1000px"
|-
! style="width:12.5%| !!style="width:12.5%|Virus!!style="width:12.5%|Bacteria and /<br>Rickettsia!!style="width:12.5%|Protozoa!style="width:12.5%|Fungi!style="width:12.5%|Nematode!!style="width:12.5%|Trematode!!style="width:12.5%|Cestode
|-
!Sandfly''Phlebotomus''<br>- old world (Africa)|||*[[Leishmaniasis]]||||-!Sandfly ''Lutzomyia''<br>- new world (Americas)
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*[[Leishmaniasis]]
|
|
|
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|-
!Tse Tse fly
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*[[Trypanosomiasis|African trypanosomiasis]]
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|-
!Blackfly
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|-
!Tse Tse [https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/Creatures/livestock/deer_fly.htm Deer fly''Chrysops'']|||||*[[Loiasis]]|||-![https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/Creatures/livestock/deer_fly.htm Horse fly ''Tabanus'']|||||*[[Loiasis]]|||} ===Acari, Fleas, Lice==={|class="wikitable" style="width:1000px"|-!style="width:12.5%" colspan="2"| !style="width:12.5%|Virus!style="width:12.5%|Bacteria/<br>Rickettsia!style="width:12.5%|Protozoa!style="width:12.5%|Fungi!style="width:12.5%|Nematode!style="width:12.5%|Trematode!style="width:12.5%|Cestode|-!rowspan="6"|hard<br>ticks!!''Ixodes''|*[[Tick-borne encephalitis]]|*[[Lyme disease and Relapsing fever|Lyme disease]]*[[Tularaemia]]||||||-!''Dermacentor''|*[[Viral Hemorrhagic Fever|Omsk hemorrhagic fever]]|*[[Spotted fevers|Rocky Mountain spotted fever]]||||||-!''Haemaphysalis''|*[[Viral Hemorrhagic Fever|Kyasanur Forest disease]]|||||||-!''Hyalomma''|*[[Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever]]|||||||-!''Rhipicephalus''||*[[Spotted fevers|Mediterranean spotted fever]]||||||-!''Amblyomma''||*[[Spotted fevers|African spotted fever<br>(African tick bite fever)]]||||||-!soft<br>ticks!!''Ornithodoros''||*[[Lyme disease and Relapsing fever|Relapsing fever]]||||||-!chigger<br>mite!!''Leptotrombidium''|
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*[[Scrub typhus]]
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*[[Trypanosomiasis|African trypanosomiasis]]
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|-
![https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/Creatures/livestock/deer_fly.htm Deer fly<br>''Chrysops'']colspan="2"|flea
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*[[Plague]]
*[[Murine typhus]]
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*[[Loasis]]
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|-
![https://entnemdept.ufl.edu/Creatures/livestock/deer_fly.htm Horse fly<br>''Tabanus'']colspan="2"|lice|
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*[[Epidemic typhus]]
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*[[Loasis]]
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==Incubation period/Latent infection==
{|class="wikitable" style="width:1000px"
|-
! style="width:12.5%| !!style="width:12.5%|Virus!!style="width:12.5%|Bacteria and /<br>Rickettsia!!style="width:12.5%|Protozoa!style="width:12.5%|Fungi!style="width:12.5%|Nematode!!style="width:12.5%|Trematode!!style="width:12.5%|Cestode
|-
!Incubation/latency possibly > 1 year
|
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*[[Leishmania]]
*[[Trypanosomiasis|''Trypanosoma cruzi'']]
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*[[Trypanosomiasis|''Trypanosoma cruzi'']]
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==Target organs==
===Eye involvement===
{|class="wikitable" style="width:1000px"
|-
! style="width:12.5%| !!style="width:12.5%|Virus!!style="width:12.5%|Bacteria and /<br>Rickettsia!!style="width:12.5%|Protozoa!style="width:12.5%|Fungi!style="width:12.5%|Nematode!!style="width:12.5%|Trematode!!style="width:12.5%|Cestode
|-
!Conjunctivitis
|
*[[Leptospirosis]] as conjunctival suffusion
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===Skin involvement===
{|class="wikitable" style="width:1000px"
|-
! style="width:12.5%| !!style="width:12.5%|Virus!!style="width:12.5%|Bacteria and /<br>Rickettsia!!style="width:12.5%|Protozoa!style="width:12.5%|Fungi!style="width:12.5%|Nematode!!style="width:12.5%|Trematode!!style="width:12.5%|Cestode
|-
!larvae migrans
|
|
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*[[Ancylostomiasis (hookworm)]]
*[[Gnathostomiasis]]
|||-!larvae currens|||||*[[Strongyloidiasis]] as larva currens
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===Liver and spleen involvement===
{|class="wikitable" style="width:1000px"
|-
! style="width:12.5%| !!style="width:12.5%|Virus!!style="width:12.5%|Bacteria and /<br>Rickettsia!!style="width:12.5%|Protozoa!style="width:12.5%|Fungi!style="width:12.5%|Nematode!!style="width:12.5%|Trematode!!style="width:12.5%|Cestode
|-
!Jaundice
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*[[Malaria]]
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|-
!HepatosplenomegalyHepato-<br>splenomegaly
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*[[Malaria]]
*[[Leishmaniasis|Visceral leishmaniasis]]
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*[[Leptospirosis]]
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*[[Leishmaniasis|Visceral leishmaniasis]]
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==Infected cells==
{|class="wikitable" style="width:1000px"
|-
! style="width:12.5%| !!style="width:12.5%|Virus!!style="width:12.5%|Bacteria and /<br>Rickettsia!!style="width:12.5%|Protozoa!style="width:12.5%|Fungi!style="width:12.5%|Nematode!!style="width:12.5%|Trematode!style="width:12.5%|Cestode|-!CestodeRed blood cell|||*[[Malaria]]*[[Babesiosis]]||||
|-
!Macrophage
*[[Trypanosomiasis]]
*[[Leishmaniasis]]
|
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|
|}
==Syndromeswith special names=={|class="wikitable" style="width:1000px"
|-
! style="width:12.5%| !!style="width:12.5%|Virus!!style="width:12.5%|Bacteria and /<br>Rickettsia!!style="width:12.5%|Protozoa!style="width:12.5%|Fungi!style="width:12.5%|Nematode!!style="width:12.5%|Trematode!!style="width:12.5%|Cestode
|-
!L&ouml;effler Katayama syndrome
|
|
|
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*[[Ascariasis]]
*[[Strongyloidiasis]]
*[[Ancylostomiasis (hookworm)]]
|
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|-
!Mazzotti reaction
|
|||*[[Onchocerciasis|DEC for onchocerciasis highly possibleSchistosomiasis]]*[[Onchocerciasis|Ivermectin for onchocerciasis sometimes possible]]*[[Loiasis|Ivermectin for loasis with onchocerca sometimes possible]]|||} ==Treatment=====Treatment for helminths==={|class="wikitable"
|-
! !!Virus!!Bacteria and Rickettsia!!Protozoa!!Nematode!!Trematode!!Cestode|-!Diethylcarbamazepine<br>(DEC)L&ouml;effler syndrome
|
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*[[Lymphatic filariasis]]
*[[Loiasis|Loiasis when <8,000MF/mL]]
*'''NEVER''' for [[Onchocerciasis]] and beware of co-infection
|
||-!Ivermectin||||*[[OnchocerciasisAscariasis]]**beware of Mazzotti and encephalopathy
*[[Strongyloidiasis]]
*[[Ancylostomiasis (hookworm)]]
*[[Gnathostomiasis]]
|
|
|-
!AlbendazoleMazzotti reaction
|
|
|
|
*[[Loiasis|Loiasis when >8,000MF/mL]]
*[[Ancylostomiasis (hookworm)]]
*[[Trichuriasis (whipworm)]]
*[[Trichinellosis]]
*[[Toxocariasis]]
*[[Enterobiasis (pinworm)]]
*[[Gnathostomiasis]]
|
|*[[Echinococcosis]]|-!Praziquantel|||Onchocerciasis|*[[AscariasisDEC for onchocerciasis highly possible]]|*[[SchistosomiasisOnchocerciasis|Adult of schistosoma]]*[[ClonorchiasisIvermectin for onchocerciasis sometimes possible]]*[[Paragonimiasis]]Loiasis|*[[Diphyllobothriasis]]*[[Taeniasis]]*[[EchinococcosisIvermectin for loasis with onchocerca sometimes possible]]|-!Triclabendazole
|
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*[[Fasciolasis]]
|
|-
!DoxycyclineWakana syndrome
|
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*[[Lymphatic filariasis|Adult of lymphatic filariae for ''Wolbachia'']]
*[[Onchocerciasis|Adult of onchocerca for ''Wolbachia'']]
|
*[[Ancylostomiasis (hookworm)]]
|
|-
!Mechanical removal<br>Spontaneous resolution<br>No effective treatment
|
|
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*[[Dracunculiasis (Guinea worm)]]
*[[Anisakiasis]]
*[[Angiostrongyliasis (rat lungworm)]]
|
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*[[Echinococcosis|PAIR for ''Echinococcus granulosus''<br>Surgery for ''Echinococcus multilocularis'']]
|}
 
==Treatment==
「http://vaccipedia.jp/特別:携帯機器差分/1603...2983」から取得

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