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→Probability, Likelihood
==Probability, Likelihood==
===Probability===
Given a dataset of a sample <math>X = ( x_1,\ x_2,\ x_3,\ \cdots )</math> derived from a population, the sample mean <math>\bar{X}</math> and the sample standard deviation <math>s</math> can be calculated.
Chance that a value in <math>X</math> is in a range of certain values like <math>x_i > n</math> can also be calculated from the dataset. This chance is <math>probability</math>.
:<math>probability = P(x_i>n|\bar{X},s)</math>
For example, if a dice was rolled 600 times and numbers of 1 to 6 appeared 100 times for each, the mean is 3.5 and the standard deviation is 1.71.
Probability that a value is 1 in that sample is,
:<math>probability = P(x_i=1|3.5,1.71) = 100/600 = 1/6 </math>
===Likelihood===
==Origin of terminology==
