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Overview of Tropical Medicine
Definition of the tropics
- Between the Tropic of Cancer (north latitude 23°26′) and the Tropic of Capricorn (south latitude 23°26′)
- Covers 40% of land surfaces and 40% of population
Top 3 causes of death in LMICs, HICs and worldwide in 2016
*Bold names are communicable diseases
| Worldwide |
LMICs |
HICs |
- Ischemic heart disease
- Stroke
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
|
- Lower respiratory infections
- Diarrhea
- Ischemic heart disease
|
- Ischemic heart disease
- Stroke
- Alzheimer and other dementias
|
Changes of top 10 causes of death worldwide from 2010 to 2016
- Tuberculosis ranked down to the 10th in 2016 from the 6th in 2010
- HIV/AIDS ranked down out of 10 in 2016 from the 7th in 2010
List Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) and what are not listed in NTDs
List of NTDs by WHO
| Virus |
- Dengue (dengue virus)
- Rabies (rabies virus)
|
| Bacteria |
- Buruli ulcer (Mycobacterium ulcerans)
- Leprosy (Mycobacterium leprosy)
- Trachoma (Chlamydia trachomatis)
- Yaws (Treponema pallidum pertenue)
|
| Protozoa |
- Chagas disease, American trypanosomiasis (Trypanosoma cruzi)
- Human African trypanosomyasis, Sleeping sickness (Trypanosoma brucei spp.)
- Leishmaniasis (cutaneous and visceral) (Leishmania spp.)
|
| Parasites |
- Dracunculiasis, Guinea worm (Dracunculus medinensis)
- Echinococcosis (Echinococcus granulosus, E. multilocularis)
- Foodborne trematode infections
- Lymphatic filariasis (Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi
- Onchocerciasis (Onchocerca volvulus)
- Scabies (mite Sarcoptes scabiei)
- Schistosomiasis (Schistosoma spp.)
- Soil-transmitted helminth infections
- Taeniasis/Cysticercosis (Taenia spp.)
- Tungiasis (sandfleas)
|
| Fungi |
- Mycetoma (mixture of various fungi and bacteria)
|
| Non-communicable |
|
