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*first reported in late 1960s
==vaccineVaccine==
*PPSV does not induce T-cell dependent immunity
*PCV induces T-cell dependent immunity
**serotypes 1, 5, 6A, 6B, 7F, 9V, 14, 19A, 19F, 23F
*the reason why PCV13 for older population failed to show persistent efficacy against IPD in the U.S. may be contributed by spread of PCV13 for children which has caused serotype substitutions in community
===History of Pneumococcal vaccines in Japan===
{|class="wikitable"
|-
!
!style="width:12em;"|Brand name
!style="width:12em;"|Approval for children
!style="width:12em;"|Introduction to childhood routine immunization
!style="width:12em;"|Approval for adults
!style="width:12em;"|Introduction to adult routine immunization
|-
!PPSV23
|ニューモバックスNP<br>Pneumovax NP
|1988（昭和63年）<br>≥ 2 year
|nil<br>
<nowiki>*</nowiki>covered by Public Health Insurance for asplenia
|1988（昭和63年）
|nil<br>
<nowiki>*</nowiki>covered by Public Health Insurance for asplenia
|-
|}
