Rabies
2021年4月19日 (月) 10:52時点におけるVaccipedia.admin (トーク | 投稿記録)による版 (ページの作成:「==epidemiology== *endemic >150 countries *55,000 deaths/year **mostly children in Asia and Africa **mainly in rural areas *most endemic in India followed by Bangladesh an…」)
epidemiology
- endemic >150 countries
- 55,000 deaths/year
- mostly children in Asia and Africa
- mainly in rural areas
- most endemic in India followed by Bangladesh and China as well as Pakistan
- Latin "rabere" = to rage, to rave
- Sanskrit "rabhas" = to do violence
pathogen
- family Rhabdoviridiae, genus Lyssavirus
- Rabies lyssavirus
- Duvenhage lyssavirus
- European bat lyssavirus
- negative polarity, monostrand RNA virus
- enveloped
- 5 component proteins
- N, P, M, G, L
- G (glycoprotein) is ligand to cellular invasion
- target of vaccine
- human receptor: nAChR, NCAM, p75NTR - all developed only in nerve cells
responsible animals
- domestic animal - dog, cat in Asia and Africa
- wildlife - bat, fox, raccoon, coyote in Europe and Americas
- Lyssavirus circulates within a same animal species
- sometimes transmitted to other species - "spillover" phenomenon
