「Schistosomiasis」の版間の差分

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*inflammation is exclusively due to egg
 
*inflammation is exclusively due to egg
 
*'''adult pairs do not cause disease per se'''
 
*'''adult pairs do not cause disease per se'''
 +
 +
===co-infection===
 +
*HIV
 +
*Typhoid
 +
**''Salmonella'' typhi has crossover antigenicity with ''Schistosoma'' and makes immune-tolerance against ''Schistosoma'' infection
 +
**Also Salmonella hide between male and female schistosomes in the gynecophoric canal
 +
*HepB/C
  
 
==treatment==
 
==treatment==

2021年5月19日 (水) 17:34時点における版

schistosoma is distinct from other trematoda

  • trematode中schistosomaは他のtrematodeと異なる特徴を持つ
schistosoma other trematode
transmitted to human
by percutaneous invasion of cercariae
transmitted to human
by oral ingestion of metacercariae
male and female separated 雌雄別体 hermaphrodite雌雄同体
does not require 2nd intermediate host
(no metacercariae stage)
requires 2nd intermediate host

Schistosoma japonicum

  • Katsurada Fujiro found 26 May 1904 from a cat in Yamanashi(水腫腸満)
  • Fujinami Kan found 30 May 1904 from a murder victim in Katayama, Hiroshima(片山病)
  • found egg in 1904 in Saga(奇病)


pathogenesis

  • adult female paired by male migrate to messenteric vein from portal vein and lay eggs into messenteric venule, which are secreted from messenteric venule to intestinal lumen
  • eggs also reach urinary bladder or genital tract and generate inflammation, followed by necrosis of tissue and perforation to intestine, resulted in extracorporeal distribution of egg via stool
  • eggs are also distributed in liver and cause inflammation resulting in cirrhosis
  • inflammation is exclusively due to egg
  • adult pairs do not cause disease per se

co-infection

  • HIV
  • Typhoid
    • Salmonella typhi has crossover antigenicity with Schistosoma and makes immune-tolerance against Schistosoma infection
    • Also Salmonella hide between male and female schistosomes in the gynecophoric canal
  • HepB/C

treatment

  • praziquantel was discovered only in mid-1970s in Germany
  • praziquantel only kills adult schistosoma

control

  • only way to control is eliminate intermediate hosts, snails - Oncomelania nosophora 宮入貝