Viral hepatitis

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hepatitis virus

  • viral hepatitis is 4th major infectious disease worldwide
  • virus hepatitis is still increasing year by year
  • >250 mil. people living with viral hepatitis
  • hep B highly prevalent sub-Saharan children <5y/o
  • virus hepatitis has added to one of SDGs in 2016

hep A

  • food-borne, water-borne
  • infection route in Japan
    • mainly by raw oyster in HIV-negative
    • mainly MSM in HIV-positive

hep E

  • water-borne, contaminated meat-borne
    • incompletely cooked deer meat, pig intestine or liver
  • non-enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus
  • endemic in East to Southeast Asia
  • genotype 4 is strongly associated to fluminant hepatitis
  • hep E vaccine has already established in China

hep B

  • family Hepadonavirus
  • transmission route
    • vertical
    • horizontal
      • sexually transmitted
      • sharing needles

epidemiology

    • 240 mil. hep B carriers worldwide
    • 0.5 mil. death per year
  • highly infectious; 10 virus copies are enough to infection

genotypes

  • genotypes B and C prevalent in Asia
  • A in Europe

acute hep B

  • genotype A is increasing in Japan
    • 10% of genotype A carrier develope chronic carrier
  • 6.3% of hep B carrier are co-infected by hep C

treatment