Viral Hemorrhagic Fever

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総論的特徴

出血熱ウイルスは基本的に下記4科のみが原因となる．

• Arenaviridae アレナウイルス科
• Filoviridae フィロウイルス科
• Bunyaviridae ブニヤウイルス科
• Flaviviridae フラビウイルス科

上記の他にParamyxoviridae パラミクソウイルス科も出血熱ウイルスに含めることがある．

上記4科すべてRNAウイルスであり，envelope virusである．

出血熱ウイルスはすべてヒト以外の動物または虫類を自然宿主としており，これが発生地域が限定的である理由となっている．

セーフティレベル

• BSL = Bio-safety level
• P = Physical containment level

治療

下記の2ウイルス以外に治療薬なし

• エボラにInmaeb, Ebanga
• ラッサにリバビリン

予防

下記の2ウイルス以外にワクチンなし

• エボラにErvebo
• フニンにJunin Candid #1