「Onchocerciasis」の版間の差分

Intermediate host
Category	blackfly ブヨ, female
Latin	genus Simulium
Inward infection	blood-feeding of human
Organ	midgut
Reproduction	asexual
Course	microfilariae has no sheath migrate to thoracic muscle metamorphoses L1→L2→L3 in thoracic muscle L3 migrate to proboscis
Detection
Outward transmission	blood-feeding of human

Definitive host
Category	HUMAN
Latin
Inward infection	blood-feeding by female blackfly
Organ	skin, lymphatics, blood, urine
Reproduction	sexual
Course	L3 into adult in subcutaneous subcutaneous nodule female 33-50 cm (not mm), male 2-5 cm live 15 years Wolbachia spp. is endosymbiotic bacteria in female uterus, which is essential to survival of female adult female produce microfilariae 9 years 220-360 µm 2 years mainly skin, connective tissue, sometimes lymphatics, blood, urine, sputum allergy and inflammation resulting in serious skin pruritis (leopard skin, anterior tibia) and keratitis (river blindeness)
Detection	skin snipping no nocturnality, every time in a day available microfilariae has no sheath
Outward transmission	blood-feeding by female blackfly

診断

for microfilariae
- ivermectin is effective only for microfilariae
- only one dose of ivermectin 150 µg/kg (both for children and adults) significantly decrease microfilariae load that lasts a year or more
- every 6 month repetition
If use diethylcarbamazepine (DEC) for onchocerciasis it kills microfilariae inside skin and develops severe allergic reaction against dead microfilariae on skin
for adult
- doxycycline is effective for Wolbachia resulting in killing of 60% and sterlizing 80-90% of female adult

@@ 1行目: / 1行目: @@
-{{DTMHhome}}
+{{TM menu}}
 ==''Onchocerca volvulus''==
 {{intermediate
@@ 30行目: / 31行目: @@
 *female '''33-50 cm''' (not mm), male 2-5 cm
 *live 15 years
+*''Wolbachia'' spp. is endosymbiotic bacteria in female uterus, which is essential to survival of female adult
 <li>female produce microfilariae 9 years
 *220-360 µm
@@ 52行目: / 54行目: @@
 **''Onchocerca vulvols''のIgG4抗体および抗原をimmunochromatographで検出
-==治療==
+==treatment==
-*Ivermectin
+*for microfilariae
+**'''ivermectin''' is effective '''only for microfilariae'''
+**only one dose of ivermectin 150 µg/kg (both for children and adults) significantly decrease microfilariae load that '''lasts a year or more'''
+**'''every 6 month repetition'''
+*If use diethylcarbamazepine (DEC) for onchocerciasis it kills microfilariae inside skin and develops severe allergic reaction against dead microfilariae on skin
+*for adult
+**'''doxycycline''' is effective for '''''Wolbachia''''' resulting in '''killing of 60% and sterlizing 80-90% of female adult'''
 {{DTMHhome}}