Basics & Definition

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Basics & Definition
Epidemiology
Odds in statistics and Odds in a horse race
Collider bias
Data distribution
Statistical test
Regression model
Multivariate analysis
Marginal effects
Prediction and decision
Table-related commands in STATA
Missing data and imputation

Self-assessment quizzes

Types of variable

Ratio, Rate, Proportion

Every fraction is ratio.

Refer to this page too

Origin of terminology

Why is it called "Z"?

Why is it called "Student's t"?

William Gosset was a mathematician around the 19th to 20th century as well as he worked for the famous brewery Guinness. He found a new statistical distribution but Guinness did not allow their employees to publish any papers related to their business confidential affairs. Thus Gosset published his achievement under a nickname of Student.

t itself was later named through correspondences between Gosset and a statistician R.A. Fisher. The first description of t is appeared on the article by Fisher in 1924.

Why is it called "regression"?

In the 19th century, Sir Francis Galton investigated association between parents' heights and their offspring's heights. He found association between them had some characteristics that the higher the parents were the higher the offspring are but the offspring tended to shorter than their parents, and vise versa. He described the association as 'offspring's heights to regress (go back) towards mediocrity (average)'.

Since then regression to the mean has expanded to the regression model which provides the estimates of association between one dependent variable and one or more independent variables by a line.

Why is it called "logistic"?

Why is it called "bootstrapping"?

Bootstrap is a piece of cloth or leather at the back of a boot that is used to help you pull it on. A broader meaning is also added the word as an approach to creating something with the minimum amount of possible resources.

There is also an idiom or a template expression of pull oneself up by one's bootstraps, which means to improve one's situation on one's own efforts without any other's help.