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Vaccipedia.admin がページ「Lympatic filariasis」を「Lymphatic filariasis」に移動しました
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*ヒト体内でadultから生まれたmicrofilariaは吸血で蚊に移行し，蚊の体内で3回moltを繰り返してL3 larvaeに至る．
*
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=daLr_clpaso Filarial dance under ultrasonography]
==distribution==
[[file:Lymphatic Filariasis distribution 2006.jpg|500px]]
==''Brugia malayi''==
{{intermediate
|category=mosquito, female
|latin=''Mansonia'' spp.<br>, ''Aedes'' spp.
|inward=blood-feeding of human
|organ=midgut, thoracic muscle, proboscis
{{definitive
|category=human'''HUMAN'''
|latin=
|inward=blood-feeding by mosquito
|organ=skinlymphatics, lymphaticsblood stream
|reproduction=sexual
|course=
<li>develop to adult
*female 43-55 mm, male 13-23 mm
*obstruct lymphatics resulted in '''elephantiasis ''' and '''hydrocele ''' in years
<li>mate in lymphatics
<li>produce '''sheathed microfilariae''' (no egg)*177-230 µm
*nocturnal periodicity
<li>microfilariae migrate to blood circulation
*mechanism unknown
</ol>
|detection=
<ul></ul>*'''microscopy''', '''microfilariae''', Giemsa stain, blood taken nocturnally
*concentration technique
**2% formalin to blood (Knott's technique)
**polycarbonate membrane filtration
|outward=blood-feeding by mosquito}} ==''Wuchereria bancrofti''=={{intermediate|category=mosquito, female|latin=''Aedes'' spp., ''Anopheles'' spp., ''Culex'' spp., ''Mansonia'' spp., ''Coquillettida juxtamansonia''|inward=blood-feeding of human|organ=midgut, thoracic muscle, proboscis|reproduction=|course=<ol><li>microfilariae lose sheath<li>migrate to thoracic muscle<li>metamorphoses L1→L2→L3 in thoracic muscle<li>L3 migrate to proboscis</ulol>|detection=|outward=blood-feeding of human through proboscis
}}
{{definitive
|category='''HUMAN'''
|latin=
|inward=blood-feeding by mosquito
|organ=lymphatics, blood stream
|reproduction=sexual
|course=
<ol>
<li>L3 invade through cleavage on skin
<li>L3 migrate to lymphatics
<li>develop to adult
*female 80-100 mm, male 40 mm
*obstruct lymphatics resulted in '''elephantiasis''' and '''hydrocele''' in years
<li>mate in lymphatics
<li>produce '''sheathed microfilariae''' (no egg)
*244-296 µm
*nocturnal periodicity
<li>microfilariae migrate to blood circulation
*mechanism unknown
</ol>
|detection=
<ul></ul>
*'''microscopy''', '''microfilariae''', Giemsa stain, blood taken nocturnally
**concentration technique
***2% formalin to blood (Knott's technique)
***polycarbonate membrane filtration
*blood Ag RDT; rapid immunochromatographic '''antigen''' test (ICT card test)
*urine Ab ELISA; high sensitivity and specificity
**possible diurnally
|outward=blood-feeding by mosquito
}}
==mass drug administration MDA==
*'''Diethylcarbamazepine (DEC) 6mg/kg only once''' for all inhabitant in endemic area
**repeated several consecutive years
{{quote|content=[http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000317 Ottesen EA, Hooper PJ, Bradley M, Biswas G. The global programme to eliminate lymphatic filariasis: Health impact after 8 years. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2008;2(10). doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0000317]}}
