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##migrate to |organ=<ul><li>venous plexus of urinary bladder in case of ''S. haematobium''##migrate to <li>portal vein through liver in case of other spp.
**'''Kato-Katz technique''' for feces
**'''circumoval precipitin test (COPT)'''
===co-infection===
→lifecycle
|}
==distribution==
[[File:Schistosomiasis distribution adapted from Ferarri, Lancet Neurol 2011.jpg|500px]]
==lifecycle==
{{Intermediate
<li>cercariae lose their tail during skin penetration and become '''schistosomulae'''
<li>schistosomulae enter into circulation and migrate to specific organ to grow up to adults
|reproduction=sexual (different from other trematodes)
|course=
<li>both mate in portal vein and live veins of the organ for decades
<li>mated female produce egg inside veins
*'''eggs obstruct veins and induce inflammatory reaction and to cause disease'''
|detection=
<ul>
<li>microscopic detection of eggs in urine (''S. haematobium'') or feces (other spp.)
<li>serological detection of protein of eggshell
|outward=
<ol>
*'''adult pairs do not cause disease per se'''
*HIV
*'''Typhoid'''**''Salmonella'' typhi has '''crossover antigenicity with ''Schistosoma''''' and makes '''immune-tolerance against ''Schistosoma'' infection'''**Also '''''Salmonella '' hide ''' between male and female schistosomes in the '''gynecophoric canal'''
*HepB/C
==control==
*only way In Japanese history before introduction of praziquantel, one of ways to control is was eliminate intermediate hosts, snails - ''Oncomelania nosophora'' 宮入貝*After introduction of praziquantel#Malacological monitoring of snails in endemic area#Improve water irrigation in order to avoid colonization of snails#Effective screening of people in endemic area to detect actively infected patients#Periodical mass drug administration to people in endemic area*Praziquantel 30mg/kg twice for MDA*Praziquantel 60mg/kg in two divided dose for detected patients
