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==reference value/cut-off of Hb==
 
==reference value/cut-off of Hb==
 
*adjust according to altitude of living
 
*adjust according to altitude of living
12行目: 14行目:
 
*malaria does not cause IDA directly; destruction of RBCs by ''Plasmodium'' does not cause iron loss
 
*malaria does not cause IDA directly; destruction of RBCs by ''Plasmodium'' does not cause iron loss
 
**anemia by malaria is mainly by inflammation, which suppresses iron absorption
 
**anemia by malaria is mainly by inflammation, which suppresses iron absorption
 +
 +
==sickle cell anemia==
 +
*monogenetic recessive disorder
 +
*hemoglobin mutation
 +
*HbA mutated into HbS (sickle cell trait) or HbC (West Africa)
 +
*sickle cell trait protect against death from severe malaria
 +
**not prevent infection itself
 +
 +
===clinical picture of SCD===
 +
*affects all organ systems
 +
*disease pattern and severity varies very much on patients
 +
 +
===chronic management===
 +
*first to identify high risk groups
 +
 +
==thalassemia==
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*decreased hemoglobin production
 +
**sickle cell trait is problem of hemoglobin destruction
 +
*beta thalassemia affects beta chain of hemoglobin
 +
*alpha thalassemia affects alpha chain of hemoglobin
 +
*major, media, minor

2023年9月10日 (日) 14:00時点における最新版

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reference value/cut-off of Hb

  • adjust according to altitude of living

diagnosis

  • POC test kit: HemoCue
  • ferritin increases in inflammation in order to deliver more iron stimulated by inflammation itself as well as to avoid pathogens try to consume iron
  • serum transferrin (TIBC) increases in IDA, decreases in inflammation
  • zinc protoporphyrin (Zpp)
  • soluble transferrin receptor (sTfr)

cause

  • malaria does not cause IDA directly; destruction of RBCs by Plasmodium does not cause iron loss
    • anemia by malaria is mainly by inflammation, which suppresses iron absorption

sickle cell anemia

  • monogenetic recessive disorder
  • hemoglobin mutation
  • HbA mutated into HbS (sickle cell trait) or HbC (West Africa)
  • sickle cell trait protect against death from severe malaria
    • not prevent infection itself

clinical picture of SCD

  • affects all organ systems
  • disease pattern and severity varies very much on patients

chronic management

  • first to identify high risk groups

thalassemia

  • decreased hemoglobin production
    • sickle cell trait is problem of hemoglobin destruction
  • beta thalassemia affects beta chain of hemoglobin
  • alpha thalassemia affects alpha chain of hemoglobin
  • major, media, minor