Trematode principles

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etymology

• from ancient Greek τρημᾰτώδης (trēmatṓdēs, “having a vent to the intestinal canal”), from τρῆμᾰ (trêma, “perforation, aperture”)

• trematodeはdistoma（suckerの意）と呼ばれることもある
• trematodeの一般語はfluke

characteristics

• trematodeとcestodeは雌雄同体

• trematode中schistosomaは他のtrematodeと異なる特徴を持つ
  • non-schistosoma：metacercariae ingestion⇔schistosoma：+percutaneous
  • non-schistosoma：雌雄同体⇔schistosoma：雌雄別体
  • non-schistosomaはplatyhelminth（扁形蠕虫）とも呼ばれる

• metacercariaは耐酸性など環境生存能力が高い
• metacercariaはヒト十二指腸内でexcystし，どういう理屈かわからないが標的臓器に巧妙に辿り着く

1. unembryonated ova
2. embryonated ova
3. miracidia
4. sporocyst
5. radia
6. cercaria←光刺激でradiaから放出
7. metacercaria←water plantの茎に付着；感染源
8. adult

3次元的な大きさを持つadultを顕微鏡で観察するためには数日かけてゆっくり圧迫して平にする